Self Discovery In Anita Nairs Ladiesbor - 1330 Words

The paper intends to explore the theme of self discovery through the act of journey in Anita Nair’s Ladies Coupe. Travel narratives are broad genres which illuminate mainly on people, place and culture. Journeys form the focal point of every travel narrative. In literature, the motif of journey is used as a distinctive idea or theme and is used to represent a character’s epiphany or self realization. It provides a personal assertion outside the compressed state of one’s life. Journey is seen as a means of confrontation and as an act of self discovery throughout the novel Ladies Coupe. Ladies Coupe deals with a woman’s quest for strength and independence. Women should realize how important they are, not only at home but also in the society†¦show more content†¦Once we are exposed to the variety of cultures and mentalities of the world, we acquire a broad perspective which gives the freedom to step out of the society-constructed image of ourselves a nd to become the person who we really are. Moreover, travel fills our body, soul and mind with strength and positivity and all our thoughts, words, actions and emotions will then radiate from this inner core. Merriam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature defines travel literature as: Non fiction prose form that depends largely on the wit, powers of observation, and character of the traveler for its success. In the past centuries, the traveler tended to be an adventurer or a connoisseur of art, landscape, or strange customs who may also have been a writer of merit. (Kuiper 1128) Travel narratives are prose forms which are written out of traveler’s personal experience and they are considered as an important genre of literary study. They are records of places, people and events of a particular region from the traveler’s point of view. Roy Bridges, a critic on travel narrative comments on the significance of the genre in The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing: Travel writing†¦ has a complex relationship with the situations in which it arouse. It is taken to mean a discourse to describe and interpret for its readers a geographical area together with its natural attributes and its human society and culture. Travel writing may embrace approaches ranging from an

Young Love and Relationships - 1410 Words

Young Love and Relationships Everybody feels love at one time or another, be it a love for a family member or a friend. Some people fall in and out of love on a regular basis while others take time to find just the right one. Everyone experiences this differently. Love between two people is distinct and exceptional. Although being in love with someone is easy and free, love is still a powerful emotion that can build and destroy. Since majority of the youth in our society start with their first love and relationship at the age of thirteen, many are also fooled. Many confuse true love with infatuation. Although this is not entirely a bad thing, still many are often caught in sticky situations.(i.e. Pre-marital Sex, Teenage Pregnancy,†¦show more content†¦In real love, both should be encouraging each other to fulfill their dreams whether or not they do it side by side or far away from each other. Love can wait. If two people are meant for each other God will make a way because the will of God can never be broken. He will be the One opening doors for the two persons to meet. Arnel Pineda once sang a song with the lyrics too much love can kill you, and indeed it can. In a relationship, be it just a fling or a serious one, we can never be sure if that relationship would last. We are never sure if the person we are with right now is the person we are going to be with in the next ten or twenty years. And when we love someone too much, we believe that we cannot live life without him. That is why losing him may cause us to stop living our lives. This is not real love. Just like an old saying being passed around for centuries, â€Å"Too much of anything is bad.† This proves that truly loving someone should never be too much because true love does not cause harm, but instead brings harmony. Furthermore, True love is selfless; infatuation is too much. Since romantic love is extremely selfless, a person may sacrifice everything and simply live his life for the other. This is wrong because any relationship is not exceptional from conflicts. And to top it all , we don t know for sure if this person we are having a relationship with, is the one we would last with. That is why a relationship should have a strong foundation with God. It hasShow MoreRelatedThe, And Music Over Time1243 Words   |  5 PagesFalling in love has been defined in many ways throughout history. We can look back on literature, film, and music over time and get a basic understanding of the process of falling in love emotionally for both teenagers and adults. As science has advanced, we are now able to go deeper into the psyche and investigate the psychological changes an adolescent goes through while falling in love. We can also examine the physiological changes an adolescent faces while falling in love. 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This film, ‘My Love’ should be shown on campusRead MoreEssay on Vladimir Nabokov: Unattainable Love in Lolita1434 Words   |  6 PagesUnattainable love in Lolita Nowadays, everyone in our society is out to find their one and only true love. Some may find their true love in high school; some may find their true love when they are elderly, but there will always be someone out there for everyone, it just takes some effort. Today, we see true love on television shows, in movies, and in books. For example, Romeo and Juliet, Lucy and Ricky Ricardo, and Jack and Rose from â€Å"Titanic†. Love is never easy; it takes time, compromisingRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Lord George Gordon Byron: Capturing the Painful Pangs of Love Through Poetry1596 Words   |  7 PagesLove is responsible for the greatest tragedies in life which leaves a resounding impact on people. Lord George Gordon Byron was a Romantic poet who was alive from January 22, 1788 to April 19, 18241. 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M.A. Project Work Free Essays

Publication Month Year :  July 2009 Authors:  Mora Sowjanya Dr. Lokanandha Reddy Irala Industry:  Automobiles Region:  India Abstract: The objective of this case study is to illustrate the lessons of capital investment decisions through Tata Motor’s Nano project. In 2003, Ratan Tata, chairman of Tata Group, announced his vision of designing a safe and affordable car for the common man. We will write a custom essay sample on M.A. Project Work or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, right from its inception, the project had gone through several hurdles. Finally, overcoming all the financial, technical and social challenges, Nano, acclaimed as the world’s cheapest car, was launched amidst much hype and attention from all sections of media. While giving a brief on the entire journey of Nano from the origin of the idea to its launch, the case study highlights the importance of quantitative and qualitative factors in the evaluation of capital investment decisions. Besides, it provides the learning opportunities to discuss the nature of the capital budgeting decisions and its various types. Pedagogical Objectives: * To understand the nature of Tata’s Nano project and analyse the sequence of events that marked the launch of Nano * To derive relevant capital investment lessons from the way Nano project was conceived, handled and executed * To debate on the role of qualitative parameters in capital investment decisions and weighing the magainst quantitative analysis. Keywords :  Initial Capital Outlay; Qualitative Factors; Capital Investments; Irreversible projects; Capital Budgeting; Strategic; Long-term planning; MBA; Corporate Finance; Financial Management; Finance for Managers; Business Finance; Principles of Financial Management; Course Case Maps; Course Case Packs; Managerial Finance; Financial Management Course Case Pack; Financial Management Course Case capital budgeting of tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata nano,  capital budgeting technique of tata nano,  tata motors capital budgeting,  capital budget of tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata pdf,  tata com motor from capital budeting,  tata com from capital budeting,  capital budgeting statement of tata motors,  capital budgeting of tata motors of 2012,  capital budgeting of tata motors in pdf,  capital budgeting of tata steel,  showing capital budgeting of tata motors,  capital budget of tata,  capita budget of tata moters,  capital budget of tata nano,project report capital budgeting of tata motors, How to cite M.A. Project Work, Essay examples

Criticisms of Traditional Budgeting-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Critically Discuss the Criticisms of Traditional Budgeting and Evaluate the two Approaches. Answer: Introduction The term budgeting came into existence way back in the 1920s when the need to have a control over the costs and the cash flows of a company arose amongst the various managers. With time, the same has become one of the methods to analyse the performance of the managers. However, with modernisation and globalisation, the age old traditional budgeting wherein a years time is taken into consideration and portrays such forecasts that do not tend to alter during the lifecycle of the said budget. Organisations prefer the traditional method since it is a very simple one. Unfortunately, the said methodology has undergone various criticisms and is said to be unable to fulfil the requirements of todays entities. As per critics, the traditional budgeting is too rigid and not timed appropriately i.e the time period is too long or short, is dependent upon such measures which are not apt and are either too rigid or extraordinarily flexible or too strategically placed such as the incentive scheme fo r the managers is such which ends up giving unwanted signals. It is rightly being considered that traditional budgeting no longer enables meeting up with the modern needs of the businesses (Aydin, 2017). Therefore various researches have been conducted over the years by various researchers and practitioners which basically are very apt such as beyond budgeting, rolling forecasts and activity based budgeting, which are some of the newest and better defined methods of budgeting. Surprisingly, even though traditional form of budgeting has faced various criticisms, it is still preferred by many even now. It is understood that many organizations still prefer to use the said method. The discontentment is basically in two fronts, firstly amongst those who want to abandon it and those who wish to improvise upon the same. Budgets help to co-ordinate, plan and evaluate the performance of the company, acts as a mode of motivation for the employees and also enhance the already installed internal control systems performances. Around ninety percent of the or ganizations who belong to the developed and developing countries, ensure to use budgeting (Reka et.al. 2014). Reasons For Traditional Budgeting To Be Abandoned -The uncertainty in the business environment is one of the main reasons why traditional budgeting should be abandoned. It has been found that the traditional method is not consistent with the association that exists between the environmental ambiguity and the dependence on accounting based performance measures. Basically the focus of the traditional budgeting is upon the fixed performance contracts wherein the success rate is determined basis the achievement of the set goals and aims. Hence it is very obvious that the juniors would always like to set such budget goals which is easiest for them to achieve. Lastly with regards uncertainty, this kind of indicator of employee performance, may force the staff to cater to such activities which are unacceptable thereby hampering the quality of the budget as well (Liang Wang, 2011). Another very prominent reason for the traditional budgeting being abandoned or should be abandoned is that the stability of the business environment and the competitiveness was not as tough as it is presently. Due to which a more strategic method is required. Centralisation no more works well with all organizations. As organizations grow, decentralisation seems to be a must, simply because it helps the organizations to adapt itself with the changing environment. Another very crucial reason why budgeting is loosing importance is that environments which are not certain, it is very difficult to forecast each single line item for a year or more in advance. Beyond Budgeting- Issues And Practicalities Whenever an entity adapts beyond budgeting, it basically discards the old budgeting method in favour of a range of techniques which would ultimately enable the entity to become more flexible to the changing scenario. Basically the said method of abandonment adopts a fundamentally decentralised way of control. Within the management accounting techniques which is a part of the said model, relative performance evaluation requires specific care. The said replacement was first suggested by the Swedish bank Svenska Handelsbanken, which contains a branch structure which offers within the branch benchmarking. Unfortunately the said method is not widely applied by various entities because measurement of the same lacks common-measure biasness. The functioning of Beyond Budgeting ensured more concentration towards setting up of targets in conjunction with a more detailed decentralised action. Those entities who are on the verge of or have already abandoned the traditional budgeting, yet have ma intained a system for financial target setting (Sandalgaard, Bukh, 2014). In the case study of Borealis, they had to let go of traditional budgeting and adopt the concept of Beyond Budgeting simply because the product and the supplier market was undergoing such a fast change that the old method was becoming obsolete soon. There traditional budget which was prevalent used to cater various purposes which was successful in creating value but only in the past. However the same failed in the current scenario. Hence they decided to abandon the same. By doing so, Borealis discovered that the management ended up to gain a new intellect of empowerment and a more confident attitude (Tian et.al. 2015). In the process it enabled to reduce costs drastically. Better Budgeting The said alternative to traditional budgeting basically talks about the various improvements that can be done in the already applicable traditional budgeting, of which rolling forecast is said to be one of it. The practitioners of this method are more inclined towards revisiting the said set budget but for abandoning the same in totality (Raye, 2015). This way the entities prefer to re-visit and check their already set forecasts on a monthly or a quarterly basis and thereby update the same. However the same has been made easy due to the usage of various spreadsheets for ensuring compilation of the data of various scattered departments within an organization. Another technique which the Better Budgeting uses is zero base budgeting wherein the old budget is not considered while preparing the new one thus starting the same from zero as the name says (Waterlander et.al. 2010). The said technique was developed by Peter A. Phyrr when he was a part of Texas Instruments (Uyar, 2009). The fact that budget is linked to strategy cannot be ignored in totality, thus if the budget prepared is not in line with the strategy of the organization then the entire objective of the same gets defeated. Even though in present day scenario the traditional budgeting offers various disadvantages, yet the same has some advantages also to offer such as planning, control and performance management due to which the same is becoming difficult to abandon it in totality by some organizations. Thus the only alternative in such cases are to ensure that the same is being improvised so that it can cope up with the present day competition. Traditional Budgeting Vs Beyond Budgeting- What The Practice Says Budgeting has always been a matter of concern and one of the most researched topics amongst various researchers and practitioners. Over the past few years, the traditional method of budgeting has been under criticism yet the same is widely used and entities still seem to be of the opinion of continuing with the same with improvements. The literature has made it very clear that the discontentment in basically in two areas- one who want to abandon it and the other who want to improvise upon the already existing one. In the year 2006, Dugdale and Lyne had conducted a survey amongst the financial and non-financial managers of 40 companies of UK and concluded that budgeting is still not dead and is hail and hearty. The participants have made it very clear that it is not possible to get away of it in full but yes the one already in vogue needs some improvements. As per the present scenario it can be well said that beyond budgeting will not be adopted by all and hence portrays a mixed picture. However it has been found out that the Skandinavian Bank had abandoned traditional budgeting and post that it has become the largest bank in Skandinavia. It adopted decentralisation wherein the bank treated each branch as a separate independent profit centre. Thus on analysing the same, it is understood that the inclination is not one sided but mixed. It is organization specific and thus presently budgeting is standing at the crossroads. Conclusion Thus on a concluding note it can be said that in the near future as well as in the long term, beyond budgeting will not be able to wipe off the traditional budgeting. However if the same is analysed and studied in depth then it can emerge as a better solution. Yet, one cannot forget that the main aim behind budgeting is to help the management improvise upon the strategies it lays down and thereby ensure good planning. The alternative budgeting modals and ways gained importance since they answered to the issues spelt out by the traditional budgeting. Beyond budgeting offers an array of advantages, yet the same is at its nascent stage. The said concept still needs to be researched more before the same is accepted by all. Even though traditional budgeting has been criticised off-lately, but the same has not yet been proposed to be eradicated in totality. References: Aydin,E., (2017), The Usefulness of Traditional Budgeting in Todays Business Environment, Available at https://www.turkishtaxnews.com/articles/the-usefulness-of-traditional-budgeting-in-today-s-business-environment/ (Accessed 01st August 2017) Dugdale, D. and Lyne S. (2006), Budgeting practice and organisational structure, Research Executive Summaries, vol. 6, no. 4, [Online], Available at: https://www. cimaglobal.com/Documents/Thought_leadership_docs/Budgeting%20and%20planning/cid_ ressum_budgeting_practice_organisational_structure_may2010.pdf, (Accessed on 01st August 2017) Liang,Y., Wang,Y., (2011), Research on Budgeting and Abandoning Budgeting for Management, Available at file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/11.pdf (Accessed on 01st August 2017) Raye,K., (2015), What is the Difference Between a Budget and a Rolling Budget? Available at https://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-budget-rolling-budget-65435.html (Accessed 01st August 2017) Reka,C.I., Stefan,P., Daniel,C.V., (2014), Traditional Budgeting Versus Beyond Budgeting: A Literature Review, Available at file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/12.pdf (Accessed 01st August 2017) Sandalgaard,N., Bukh, P.N., (2014), Beyond Budgeting and change: A Case Study, Available at https://pnbukh.com/files/nyheder/JAOC_2014.pdf (Accessed 01st August 2017) Tian,J., Ni,Q.L., Hao, Q., Wu,D., (2015), The Application of the Beyond Budgeting to Organizations An Example of Application of Borealis Company, Modern Management Science Engineering, Vol. 3, no. 1 [Online], Available at file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/451-1000-1-SM.pdf (Accessed on 01st August 2017) Uyar,A., (2009), An Evaluation of Budgeting Approaches : Traditional Budgeting, Better Budgeting and Beyond Budgeting, Available at file:///C:/Users/E-ZONE/Downloads/An%20Evaluation%20of%20Budgeting%20Approaches-Traditional%20Budgeting,%20Better%20Budgeting,%20and%20Beyond%20Budgeting-AKADEM-K%20ARA-TIRMLAR.pdf (Accessed on 01st August 2017) Waterlander,O., Clark,A., Groves, S., Nordahl,H., (2010), Zero-based Cost Management- A Holistic Approach to Managing Budgets, Available at https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/media/uploads/Zero-Based-Cost-Management.pdf (Accessed 01st August 2017)